{"id":2335,"date":"2018-04-04T15:35:50","date_gmt":"2018-04-04T07:35:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/?p=2335"},"modified":"2018-04-04T15:35:50","modified_gmt":"2018-04-04T07:35:50","slug":"mel%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%90%88%e9%80%82%e6%9c%ba%e5%9c%ba%e8%a6%81%e6%b1%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/?p=2335","title":{"rendered":"MEL\u4e2d\u7684\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u8981\u6c42"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6700\u8fd1\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u71c3\u6cb9\u6cf5\u7684MEL\uff0c\u5728\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9MEL\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e89\u8bae\u3002MEL\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u8d77\u98de\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u71c3\u6cb9\u6cf5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u71c3\u6cb9\u80fd\u591f\u5230\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6c42\uff1f\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\uff09\u53ea\u8981\u673a\u573a\u6ee1\u8db3\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u8981\u6c42\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u9053\u9762\u3001\u6d88\u9632\u7b49\u7ea7\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5929\u6c14\u3002
\n2\uff09\u57281\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u653e\u884c\u65f6\u5929\u6c14\u6ee1\u8db3\u843d\u5730\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u3002
\n3\uff09\u57281\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u653e\u884c\u65f6\u5929\u6c14\u6ee1\u8db3\u5907\u964d\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\uff0c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6ee1\u8db3\u843d\u5730\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e89\u6267\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u53bb\u8003\u53e4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u201c\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300aCCAR121R4\u300b<\/strong>
\n\u7b2c121.561\u6761 \u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u4e0d\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u7684\u7740\u9646\u548c\u62a5\u544a
\n(a)\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u5728\u98de\u673a\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u635f\u574f\u800c\u505c\u6b62\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u8fd0\u8f6c\u65f6\uff0c\u673a\u957f\u5747\u5e94\u5f53\u6309\u7167\u98de\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u7740\u9646\u7684\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u7740\u9646<\/span>\u3002
\n\u7b2c121.712\u6761 \u5b9a\u4e49
\n\u4e0b\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u672c\u7ae0\uff1a
\n(a)\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u8fbe\u5230\u7b2c121.197\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u7740\u9646\u9650\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u4e14\u5c40\u65b9\u6279\u51c6\u5408\u683c\u8bc1\u6301\u6709\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0b\u5217\u4e24\u79cd\u673a\u573a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\uff08\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5929\u6c14<\/span>\uff09<\/p>\n

\u300aAC-121-FS-2012-009R1\u300b<\/span><\/strong>
\n1.2 \u5b9a\u4e49
\n\u4e0b\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u672c\u54a8\u8be2\u901a\u544a\uff1a
\nc. \u5ef6\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u9009\u5907\u964d\u673a\u573a\uff08Suitable ETOPS Alternate\uff09\uff08CCAR-121\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a<\/span>\uff09\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u5ef6\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u822a\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5217\u5165\u5408\u683c\u8bc1\u6301\u6709\u4eba\u8fd0\u884c\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u822a\u8def\u5907\u964d\u673a\u573a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u573a\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3CCAR-121.197\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u7740\u9646\u9650\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0b\u5217\u4e24\u79cd\u673a\u573a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\uff08\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5929\u6c14<\/span>\uff09<\/p>\n

\u300aCCAR121R5\u300b<\/strong>
\n\u7b2c121.561\u6761 \u6ca1\u53d8
\n\u7b2c121.712\u6761 \u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\uff08\u8fde\u5b9a\u4e49\u90fd\u6ca1\u4e86\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u529e<\/span>\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548cETOPS\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6211\u627e\u4e00\u4e0b\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u90fd\u662fETOPS\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u4e0d\u7275\u6d89\u5230ETOPS\uff0c\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u770b\u770bFAA\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n

FAR121<\/strong>
\n121.565 Engine inoperative: Landing; reporting.
\n(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, whenever an airplane engine fails or whenever an engine is shutdown to prevent possible damage, the pilot in command must land the airplane at the nearest suitable airport, in point of time, at which a safe landing can be made.
\n121.7 Definitions.
\nThe following definitions apply to those sections of part 121 that apply to ETOPS:
\nAdequate Airport means an airport that an airplane operator may list with approval from the FAA because that airport meets the landing limitations of \u00a7121.197 and is either\u2014<\/p>\n

AC 120-42A\uff08\u5df2\u53d6\u6d88\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

AC 120-42B<\/strong>
\n\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c121R4\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u662fAdequate Airport\u3002FAA\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728AC120-42A\u5f53\u4e2d\u662f\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0AC120-42B\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684FAR121\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002
\n\u501f\u7528\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201cOfficially AC 120-42A was cancelled and replaced by 120-42B, they did not transfer the definition of “suitable” airport. So that is why I asked.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u516c\u53f8\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5929\u6c14\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5907\u964d\u6807\u51c6\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u540e\u6765\u6211\u5076\u7136\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u673a\u7ec4\u8bad\u7ec3\u624b\u518cFCTM\u91cc\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728QRH\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u843d\u5730\u201d\uff0c\u673a\u7ec4\u8bad\u7ec3\u624b\u518c\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e13\u95e8\u505a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

Landing at the Nearest Suitable Airport<\/strong>
\n\u201cPlan to land at the nearest suitable airport\u201d is a phrase used in the QRH. This section explains the basis for that statement and how it is applied.In a non-normal situation, the pilot-in-command, having the authority and responsibility for operation and safety of the flight, must make the decision to continue the flight as planned or divert. In an emergency situation, this authority may include necessary deviations from any regulation to meet the emergency. In all cases, the pilot-in-command is expected to take a safe course of action.
\nThe QRH assists flight crews in the decision making process by indicating those situations where \u201clanding at the nearest suitable airport\u201d is required. These situations are described in the Checklist Instructions or the individual NNC. The regulations regarding an engine failure are specific. Most regulatory agencies specify that the pilot-in-command of a twin engine airplane that has an engine failure or engine shutdown should land at the nearest suitable airport at which a safe landing can be made.
\nA suitable airport is defined by the operating authority for the operator<\/span> based on guidance material but, in general, must have adequate facilities and meet certain minimum weather and field conditions.<\/span> If required to divert to the nearest suitable airport (twin engine airplanes with an engine failure), the guidance material also typically specifies that the pilot should select the nearest suitable airport \u201cin point of time\u201d or \u201cin terms of time.\u201d In selecting the nearest suitable airport, the pilot-in-command should consider the suitability of nearby airports in terms of facilities and weather and their proximity to the airplane position. The pilot-in-command may determine, based on the nature of the situation and an examination of the relevant factors, that the safest course of action is to divert to a more distant airport than the nearest air port. For example, there is not necessarily a requirement to spiral down to the airport nearest the airplane’s present position if, in the judgment of the pilot-in-command, it would require equal or less time to continue to another nearby airport.
\nFor persistent smoke or a fire which cannot positively be confirmed to be completely extinguished, the safest course of action typically requires the earliest possible descent, landing and evacuation. This may dictate landing<\/span> at the nearest airport appropriate for the airplane type, rather than at the nearest suitable airport normally used for the route segment where the incident occurs.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u70b9\u957f\u3002\u6211\u628a\u5b83\u5168\u90e8\u8d34\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c11\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4e2d\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u8003\u8651\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8bbe\u65bd<\/span>\u3001\u5929\u6c14\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u3001\u8dd1\u9053\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5929\u6c14\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u7b54\u6848<\/span>\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u6ce2\u97f3\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff08\u6211\u4e5f\u89c9\u5f97\uff09\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u843d\u5730\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u6587\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u9009\u62e91\uff09\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5bf9\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5929\u6c14\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5728\u653e\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u5907\u964d\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u5462\uff1f\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u653e\u884c\u65f6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff08\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\u8bf4\u6211\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u60f3ETOPS\u548c\u98d8\u964d\u5427\uff0c\u548c\u6b63\u5e38\u822a\u73ed\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u673a\u957f\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8303\u56f4\u53d8\u5c0f\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0a\u6d77\u98de\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u673a\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6beb\u65e0\u5fcc\u8bb3\u7684\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u5c31\u8fd1\u201d\u7684\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u98de\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7269\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u201c\u9650\u5236\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662fETOPS\u548c\u98d8\u964d\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u88ab\u98de\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7269\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u5728\u67d0\u51e0\u4e2a\u673a\u573a\u4e2d\u95f4\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5355\u53d1\u540e\u7684\u6539\u822a\u65f6\u9650\uff0c\u5927\u6d77\u548c\u9ad8\u5c71\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u653e\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e3a\u5907\u964d\u6807\u51c6\uff08ETOPS\u5907\u964d\u573a\u548c\u822a\u8def\u5907\u964d\u573a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4f9d\u636eMEL\u653e\u884c\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u71c3\u6cb9\u6cf5\u4e5f\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u673a\u573a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8303\u56f4\u4e00\u6837\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u5728\u653e\u884c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u679cMEL\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u5408\u9002\u673a\u573a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b7e\u6d3e\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u653e\u884c\u5355\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u5907\u964d\u6807\u51c6\u653e\u884c\uff0c\u5728\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6ee1\u8db3\u843d\u5730\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

==============================================================<\/p>\n

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