{"id":441,"date":"2011-08-24T13:46:22","date_gmt":"2011-08-24T05:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/?p=441"},"modified":"2011-08-24T13:46:22","modified_gmt":"2011-08-24T05:46:22","slug":"%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e6%b2%b9%e9%87%8f-minimum-fuel-emergency-fuel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/?p=441","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf & Minimum Fuel & Emergency Fuel"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e0a\u6d77\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u96f7\u96e8\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u6211\u5bf9\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u9700\u8981\u597d\u597d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u662f\u6cd5\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5148\u4eceCCAR 121.555\u8bf4\u8d77\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c121.555 \u6761 \u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u7684\u5ba3\u5e03
\n(a)\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u6700\u4f4e\u71c3\u6cb9\u91cf\u72b6\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u673a\u957f\u5e94\u5f53\u9075\u5b88\u4e0b\u5217\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a
\n(1)\u5411\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u5458\u5ba3\u5e03\u201c\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u201d\uff1b
\n(2)\u5411\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u5458\u62a5\u544a\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u71c3\u6cb9\u8fd8\u80fd\u98de\u591a\u5c11\u5206\u949f\uff1b
\n(3)\u7ee7\u7eed\u6309\u7167\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u5458\u540c\u610f\u7684\u822a\u8def\u98de\u884c<\/span>\uff1b
\n(4)\u901a\u77e5\u98de\u884c\u7b7e\u6d3e\u5458\uff0c\u5df2\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\uff1b
\n(5)\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u76ee\u89c6\u98de\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u8005\u5728\u65e0\u96f7\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u62a5\u544a\u73b0\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u9884\u8ba1\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002
\n(b)\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u662f\u6307\u98de\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e94\u5f53\u62a5\u544a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u5458\u91c7\u53d6\u5e94\u6025\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u71c3\u6cb9\u6cb9\u91cf\u6700\u4f4e\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u6cb9\u91cf\u662f\u5728\u8003\u8651\u5230\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u71c3\u6cb9\u6cb9\u91cf\u6307\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bef\u5dee\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9b\u98de\u673a\u5728\u98de\u62b5\u7740\u9646\u673a\u573a\u540e<\/span>\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5\u7b49\u5f85\u7a7a\u901f\u5728\u9ad8\u4e8e\u673a\u573a\u6807\u9ad8 450\u7c73(1500\u82f1\u5c3a)\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0a\u98de\u884c 30\u5206\u949f\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

121.555\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u673a\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u201d\u5b9a\u6027\u4e3a\u201c\u5e94\u5f53\u62a5\u544a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u5458\u91c7\u53d6\u5e94\u6025\u63aa\u65bd<\/span>\u201d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u201c\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201cEmergency\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b7e\u6d3e\u5e94\u8be5\u62ff\u51fa\u5e94\u6025\u624b\u518c\uff1a<\/p>\n

12\u3001\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u5ba3\u5e03
\n\uff08a\uff09\u5f53\u6700\u4f4e\u71c3\u6cb9\u6761\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff1a
\n\u98de\u884c\u7b7e\u6d3e\u5458\u5728\u63a5\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u2014\u6211\u516c\u53f8\u67d0\u4e00\u822a\u73ed\u5df2\u5ba3\u5e03\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53
\n\uff081\uff09\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u62a5\u544a\u516c\u53f8\u9886\u5bfc\u3002
\n\uff082\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u9891\u7387\u6216\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u90e8\u95e8\u4e0e\u7a7a\u4e2d\u98de\u673a\u548c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u90e8\u95e8\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bc6\u5207\u638c\u63e1\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u73ed\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u7740\u9646\u3002
\n\uff083\uff09\u5411\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u90e8\u95e8\u7533\u8bf7\u6539\u53d8\u822a\u7ebf\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7740\u9646<\/span>\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5411\u673a\u7ec4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c31\u8fd1\u673a\u573a\u8d44\u6599\u3001\u98de\u884c\u60c5\u62a5\u548c\u6c14\u8c61\u8d44\u6599\uff1b\u8054\u7cfb\u6709\u5173\u673a\u573a\u5f53\u5c40\uff0c\u544a\u77e5\u6709\u5173\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u5176\u505a\u597d\u5e94\u6025\u6551\u63f4\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\n\uff084\uff09\u5982\u673a\u957f\u51b3\u5b9a\u9009\u62e9\u573a\u5916\u8feb\u964d\u65f6\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u641c\u5bfb\u548c\u63f4\u6551\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff1a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5f53\u673a\u7ec4\u5ba3\u5e03\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u673a\u7ec4\u5411ATC\u62a5\u544a\u5269\u4f59\u6cb9\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6309ATC\u540c\u610f\u7684\u822a\u8def\u98de\u884c\uff08\u6ca1\u8bf4\u7533\u8bf7\u76f4\u98de\uff09\u3002\u7b7e\u6d3e\u5e94\u8be5\u5411ATC\u7533\u8bf7\u6539\u53d8\u822a\u8def\uff08\u76f4\u98de\uff1f\uff09\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7740\u9646\u3002ATC\u91c7\u53d6\u5e94\u6025\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

———————————————————————————–<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u7740\u6211\u67e5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0bFAA\u5173\u4e8eMinimum fuel\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0b\u6587\uff1a<\/p>\n

INFO:\u00a0<Comparison of Minimum Fuel, Emergency Fuel and Reserve Fuel><\/a><\/p>\n

FAA\u7684121\u90e8\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684555\u6761\uff0c\u53ea\u6709AIM\u4e2d\u8bf4\u5230Minimum fuel\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2aINFO\u662f\u6211\u5728FAA\u7f51\u7ad9\u91cc\u627e\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u628aMinimum fuel\u548cEmergency Fuel\u533a\u5206\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u5bf9Minimum fuel\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201cIndicates that an aircraft\u2019s fuel supply has reached a state where, upon\u00a0reaching the destination, it can accept little or no delay<\/span>. This is not an\u00a0emergency situation<\/span><\/span> but merely indicates an emergency situation is\u00a0possible should any undue delay occur.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u201cIf an aircraft declares a state of \u201cminimum fuel,\u201d inform any facility to\u00a0whom control jurisdiction is transferred of the minimum fuel problem and\u00a0be alert for any occurrence which might delay the aircraft en route.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Note: Use of the term \u201cminimum fuel\u201d indicates recognition by a pilot that his\/her fuel\u00a0supply has reached a state where, upon reaching destination, he\/she cannot accept any\u00a0undue delay<\/span>. This is not an emergency situation<\/span><\/span> but merely an advisory that indicates an\u00a0emergency situation is possible should any undue delay occur. A minimum fuel advisory\u00a0does not imply a need for traffic priority<\/span><\/span>. Common sense and good judgment will\u00a0determine the extent of assistance to be given in minimum fuel situations. If, at any time,\u00a0the remaining usable fuel supply suggests the need for traffic priority to ensure a safe\u00a0landing, the pilot should declare an emergency and report fuel remaining in minutes.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5bf9Emergency Fuel\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49:<\/p>\n

\n
The point at which, in the judgment of the pilot-in-command, it is necessary \u00a0to proceed directly to the airport<\/span> of intended landing due to low fuel<\/span>. Declaration \u00a0of a fuel emergency is an explicit statement that priority handling<\/span><\/span> by ATC is both\u00a0required and expected.<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n

FAA\u4e2d\u9047\u5230minimum fuel\u65f6\uff0c\u673a\u7ec4\u8fd8\u5c06\u6309\u7167\u539f\u822a\u8def\u98de\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u5ef6\u8bef\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7533\u8bf7\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u624d\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u843d\u5730\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u5ba3\u5e03\u201cEmergency\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u5269\u4f59\u71c3\u6cb9\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

———————————————————————————–<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7efc\u5408FAA\u548cCAAC\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e25\u91cd\u7b49\u7ea7\u4e0a\u770b\uff0cFAA\u7684”Minimum Fuel” \u548cCAAC\u7684\u201c\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u201d\u80fd\u5426\u753b\u4e0a\u7b49\u53f7\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002CAAC\u7684\u201c\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u201d\u66f4\u50cf\u662fFAA\u7684”Emergency Fuel”\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u673a\u4e0a\u5269\u6cb9\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\uff0cFAA\u7684”Minimum Fuel” \u548cCAAC\u7684\u201c\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u201d\u80fd\u5426\u753b\u4e0a\u7b49\u53f7\u5462\uff1f\u7531\u4e8eINFO\u4e2d\u6709\u8bf4\u660e”Minimum Fuel”\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u503c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

There is no regulatory\u00a0definition as to when, specifically, a pilot must declare \u201cminimum fuel\u201d or a fuel emergency. Air\u00a0carriers<\/span> typically develop such guidance for their pilots and include it in their General Operations\u00a0Manuals<\/span>; such guidance generally falls along the following lines:
\n\u2022 Declare \u201cminimum fuel\u201d when, in your best judgment, any additional delay will\u00a0cause you to burn into your reserve fuel<\/span>.
\n\u2022 Declare a fuel emergency at the point at which, in your judgment, it is necessary\u00a0for you to proceed directly to the airport<\/span> at which you intend to land. Declaration\u00a0of a fuel emergency is an explicit statement that priority<\/span> handling by ATC is\u00a0necessary and expected.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u53ef\u89c1FAA\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5b9a\u4f55\u65f6\u201cWhen\u201d\u673a\u7ec4\u5fc5\u987b\u62a5\u544a\u00a0\u201cminimum fuel or a fuel emergency\u201d\uff08\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201cminimum fuel\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u653f\u7b56\u901a\u5e38\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u673a\u7ec4\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eedDelay\u5c06\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230reserve fuel\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\uff1b\u673a\u7ec4\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u673a\u4e0a\u5269\u6cb9\u5fc5\u987b\u7533\u8bf7\u76f4\u98de\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u624d\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u843d\u5730\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03fuel emergency\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

———————————————————————————–<\/p>\n

JAR \u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8e”Minimum Fuel”\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1aJAR\u00a01.375 \u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u7565\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u4e2d\u4e1c\u7528\u7684\u662fJAR\uff1f\uff09<\/p>\n

———————————————————————————–<\/p>\n

ICAO \u00a0Doc 4444 – Air Traffic Management Chapter 1. Definitions:<\/p>\n

Minimum fuel: \u00a0The term used to describe a situation in which an aircraft’s fuel supply has reached a state where little or no delay can be accepted.<\/p>\n

note.- This is not an emergency situation but merely indicates that an emergency situation is possible, should any undue delay occur.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ICAO\u7684Minimum fuel\u548cFAA\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002ICAO\u4e2d\u8bf4Minimum fuel\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u8d44\u6599\u4e0d\u5168\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u627e\u3002<\/p>\n

———————————————————————————-<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u8bf4\u8bf4\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u95ee1\uff09\u6211\u6309\u7167\u516c\u53f8\u653f\u7b56\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u98de\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a\u4eceRKPC\u98deZSPD\u5907\u964dZSHC<\/p>\n

\n
BOF ZSPD    3923 00.58  0339NM  0358AIR  PAYLOAD:   0.0  W\/C  M027\nALTN ZSHC   2049 00.27  0127NM                      MXSH 03\/AKARA\nFINAL RES   1666 00.30\nCONT 10 PC   335 00.06         LIMIT \/ PLANNED           \/ ACTUAL\nTANKERING      0           ZFW 126.1 \/  90.9             \/ ......\nBALLAST        0           LDW 136.1 \/  96.8     TO FUEL \/ ......\nREQUIRED    7973 02.01     TOW 186.9 \/ 100.7     NEW TOW \/ ......\nEXTRA       1800 00.32                           DIFF    \/ ......\nTAKEOFF     9773 02.33\nTAXI         400           ADJUST PER 5000 KGS IN TOW      000122 KGS\nTOTAL      10173 02.33     FUEL ADJ FOR PERF DEGREDATION P02.1PC<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u4e1a\u8f7d\u662f0\u5428\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5907\u4efd\u6cb9\u6b63\u5e38\u503c\u662f1800KG\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u98de\u673a\u5f88\u8f7b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u201cFINAL RES\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6cb9\u91cf\u5f88\u5c0f\uff081666KG X 2.2046 = 3678LB\uff09\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u624b\u518c\u4e2d767\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u503c=5000LB=2268KG\u3002
\n\u56e0\u4e3aRKPC-ZSPD\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u822a\u7ebf\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u767e\u5206\u4e4b10\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6cb9\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u6211\u8fd9\u4efd\u8ba1\u5212\u52a0\u6cb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee59773KG\u7684\u6cb9\u91cf\u8d77\u98de\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u822a\u8def\u4e0a\u7528\u6389\u4e86\u201cCONT 10 PC 335KG\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u6d66\u4e1c\u673a\u573a\u7b49\u5f8532\u5206\u949f\u7528\u5b8c\u4e861800KG\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5907\u4efd\u6cb9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53bb\u676d\u5dde\u5907\u964d\u3002\u4ed6\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u53bb\u676d\u5dde\u4e86\uff08\u548c\u8ba1\u5212\u77db\u76fe\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u65f6FMC\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u9884\u8ba1\u843d\u5730\u5269\u6cb9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f1666KG\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c11\u4e8e\u516c\u53f8\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u3002\u4ed6\u8981\u4e48\u5ba3\u5e03\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\uff08\u76f4\u98de\u53bb\u676d\u5dde\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6d66\u4e1c\u673a\u573a\u7ee7\u7eed\u7b49\u5f85\u3002
\n\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u6709\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\uff1a\u628a\u201cFINAL RES\u201d\u7684\u503c\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e3a\u624b\u518c\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf6000LB\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529e\u6cd5\u6709\u70b9\u50bb\u903c\uff09\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u589e\u52a0\u516c\u53f8\u5907\u4efd\u6cb9\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u73ed\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u590d\u6742\uff09\u3002
\n\u5047\u5982\u4ece\u53cd\u5411\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5728\u6d66\u4e1c\u673a\u573a\u8fd8\u6ca1\u660e\u786e\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u843d\u5730\u524d\uff0c\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u673a\u4e0a\u5269\u6cb9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff1a\u5907\u964d\u676d\u5dde2049KG + \u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf5000LB = 4317KG\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u53bb\u676d\u5dde\u4e86\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5ba3\u5e03\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u95ee2\uff09\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u822a\u73ed\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86Minimum fuel\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u505a\uff1f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n
\u95ee3\uff09\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u505a\uff1f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u7b7e\u6d3e\u6536\u5230\u673a\u7ec4\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u516c\u53f8\u5e94\u6025\u624b\u518c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u7ed9\u4e88\u76f4\u98de\u6216\u8005\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u5417\uff1f\u4eba\u5bb6\u4f1a\u540c\u610f\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n
———————————————————————————-<\/span><\/p>\n
\u96f7\u96e8\u90a3\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u5e78\u8fd0\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u98de\u673a\u90fd\u5728\u5916\u9762\u98de\u884c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u4e3a\u96f7\u96e8\u5907\u964d\u6216\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u3002\u6211\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u6587\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u5206\u6e05\u695a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6709\u670b\u53cb\u89c9\u5f97\u6211\u8bf4\u7684\u592a\u8fc7\u8131\u79bb\u5b9e\u9645\uff08\u7eb8\u4e0a\u8c08\u5175\u3001\u4e8b\u540e\u8bf8\u845b\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u6e34\u671b\u542c\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u98de\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e0a\u6d77\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u96f7\u96e8\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u6211\u5bf9\u6700\u4f4e\u6cb9\u91cf\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u9700\u8981\u597d\u597d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,9,24,26,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faa-regulations","category-icao","category-24","category-26","category-30"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fly19.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}