Fifth Freedom of The Air – the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to put down and to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from or destined to a third State (also known as a Fifth Freedom Right).
RJNT关闭至北京时13:30： L0382/24 富山 (RJNT) 2024/01/13 04:45 – 2024/01/13 05:30 (X) 替代L0380/24 RWY 02/20-CLSD DUE TO SN REMOVAL
好在当时因为日本地震，多带了油，所以可以有充裕的时间等待。
签派员ACARS：SUGGEST HOLDING TIL 0530UTC,WE WAIT WX IN RJNT. 签派建议机组盘旋等待到1330，后续等待富山最新天气报文。
但是当时富山没有发布雪情通告。签派员担心顺风和污染跑道影响落地性能。使用OPT计算落地性能如下：
签派从站长那里得知RJNT13:30确认开放，并得到最新实况天气已经满足落地标准。
签派员ACARS：REMIND THE DOWNWIND LANDING PERFORMANCE, WHICH MAY ONLY BE ACHIEVED WITH MAXIMUM MANUAL OR MAXIMUM AUTOMATIC OPERATION 由于RJNT一直没有发布雪情通告，签派使用OPT湿跑道计算RJNT顺风落地性能，得知可能只有最大人工和最大自动满足落地性能，同时提醒机组。
我还是去翻了一下以前的文章，我在2016年写过一个《近进的灯光的等级》，文中说道了《Order 8260.3F – United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPS)》给出了不同进近灯光构型的强度。但是当中并没有SALSR
Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications 第二卷
5.3.1.1 Distress and urgency traffic shall comprise all radiotelephony messages relative to the distress and urgency conditions respectively. Distress and urgency conditions are
defined as:
a) Distress: a condition of being threatened by serious and/or imminent danger and of requiring immediate assistance. b) Urgency: a condition concerning the safety of an aircraft or other vehicle, or of some person on board or within sight, but which does not require immediate assistance.
5.3.1.2 The radiotelephony distress signal MAYDAY and the radiotelephony urgency signal PAN PAN shall be used at the commencement of the first distress and urgency communication respectively.
从定义上看，PANPAN的确不需要立即帮助（but which does not require immediate assistance.）
A1124/16 1605301035–1605310300
VTCC E) RWY 18/36 CLSD DIST 400M FM THR RWY 36 DUE TO BKN SFC DECLARED DIST AS FLW : RWY TORA(M) TODA(M) ASDA(M) LDA(M) 18 3000 3000 3000 2700 36 2700 2700 2700 2700 RMK : DURING THIS PERIOD THE DISPLACED THR MARKING IS NOT PROVIDED, ACFT CODE C AND ABV TAKE OFF FM RWY 18 ONLY
f) RNP APCH: used to support RNAV approach operations up to RNP 0.3, designed with straight segments. May include a requirement for Baro-VNAV capabilities. Obstacle clearan ce criteria are detailed in Part III, Section 1, Chapter 2, and Section 3, Chapters 3, 4 and 7.
g) RNP AR APCH: used to support RNAV approach operations with a final approach segment of RNP 0.3 or lower, designed with straight segments and/or fixed radius segments.
Note.— The criteria to develop RNP AR approach procedures are detailed in the Required Navigation Performance Authorization Required (RNP AR) Procedure Design Manual (Doc 9905) .
定义说RNP APCH是最精确到0.3，可能需要BaroVNAV的直线航段。RNP AR APCH是0.3或更精确的直线航段或固定半径RF转弯航段（AR是被分在另一本DOC里说的，详见Doc9905）。
在Doc8168中第二册第3部份第4章（章节好乱）：
4.5.1 The general criteria in Part I, Section 4, Chapter 9, 9.5, “Procedure naming for arrival and approach charts” apply. The instrument approach chart shall be entitled RNAV (GNSS) Rwy XX.
就是图1的命名方式依据。它是一种使用GNSS和气压试高度表的类精密进近。
在Doc9905中：
5.3.2 RNP approach charts depicting procedures that meet the RNP AR APCH navigation specification criteria must include the term RNAV (RNP) in the identification.
2. Displaced Threshold. A displaced threshold is a threshold located at a point on the runway other than the designated beginning of the runway. Displacement of a threshold reduces the length of runway available for landings. The portion of runway behind a displaced threshold is available for takeoffs in either direction and landings from the opposite direction.。。。。
FAA说的已经很明确了。
ICAO 附件14 3. Calculation of declared distances
3.5 Where a runway has a displaced threshold, then the LDA will be reduced by the distance the threshold is dis-placed, as shown in Figure A-1 (D). A displaced threshold affects only the LDA for approaches made to that threshold; all declared distances for operations in the reciprocal（双向） direction are unaffected.
Note:If a flight plan was filed with a valid DOF/, then a change to the departure time that also changes the date of flight (i.e. delays past midnight) should not be communicated using the DLA message.a CHG message should be used to convey the Field 13 and Field 18 changes using Field 22. Remember that the Field 18 filed in CHG and DLA should always reflect the DOF/ that was previously filed.
SBB代表Swift Broadband，SwiftBroadband is an IP-based packet-switched communications network that provides a symmetric ‘always-on’ data connection of up to 432 kbit/s per channel for aircraft globally except for the polar regions, using the Inmarsat satellite constellation.
在一本叫“The Handbook of the International Law of Military Operations”的书上说：
Some States have established Air Defence Identification Zones(ADIZ) in international airspace adjacent to their national airspace. In an ADIZ, a foreign aircraft can be required to identify itself and provide position reports as a condition for entry into national airspace. There is no legal basis for applying ADIZ procedures to aircraft not intending to enter national airspace. In such cases, compliance with ADIZ requirements is optional. the sole permissible consequence for failure to comply with ADIZ requirements is denial of permission to enter national airspace. It is the policy of some States, such as United States, to refuse to comply with ADIZ procedures when its State aircraft do no seek entry.
所以，如果外国飞机不是意图飞入领空的话，从法律上说，飞机可以不理睬他国ADIZ。
另一方面，中国的民航法规上也需要完善。FAA里有专门阐述ADIZ飞行程序的<Part 99 SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC>。而中国的民航法规里没有任何规定。
